信阳平桥区英语口语培训学校

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（E）10

帮助学生利用词汇扩展的方法记忆单词

在讲授新单词时，教师应经常附带复习相关的词汇，这样会收到事半功倍的效果。笔者在这里介绍五种词汇扩展的方法

1.利用关联词群扩展词汇

关联词群（或联想词群）指意义上或形式有关联的一组词，包括意义关联词（chair，table，couch，stool，etc.）和形式关联词（walking，cleaning，sitting，reading，etc）。教师在教一个单词时可以同时介绍其他几个有关联的单词。这种方法可以扩大学生的词汇量，也可以帮助学生复习已学的单词。

2.充分利用同义词和反义词扩展词汇

在讲解新单词时，不妨同时介绍一下该词的同义词或反义词，这样可以加深学生对词汇的理解和记忆，例如：在教empty一词时，可以同时教full；在教happy时，可教angry等，这样既可扩展学生的词汇量，又可激发学生动脑的兴趣。

3.利用语境扩展词汇

在给学生上阅读课或布置课后阅读作业时，教师只需讲解学生理解有困难的单词，其他生词的词义则可以引导学生通过对上下文的理解去猜测。例：Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures from their parents. Most students are always told by their parents to study harder and better so that they call have a very wonderful life in the future.假定pressures是个生词，但学生联系上下文也不难推断出它的词义是“压力”。孤立的单词没有实际意义可言，只有把他们放在某个特定的语境中，才具有特定意义。把词汇与语境结合起来进行词汇教学，有助于学生正确区分词与词之间的差异并正确使用它们，还可帮助学生正确识别一些新生词，进而达到融会贯通。

4.利用词的搭配扩展词汇

英语中一个单词极少孤立存在，常与其他词搭配在一起使用。因此，教师在教学中不仅要讲解新词的用法，而且要寻找新旧词之问的联系，以达到复习和巩固已学词汇，活学活用新学词汇以及扩大词汇量的目的。

5.利用复习巩固所学过的词汇

俗话说：“温故而知新”（Practice makes best.）。对于那些重点的词汇，要提高他们的重现率和使用率。同时复习单词应避免过多的机械重复，要尽量设法增加一些新的信息，以激发学生的兴趣，达到温故而知新的目的。把旧单词放到新句型中使用，既开阔了学生的视野，又吸引了学生的注意力，如：学生首次接触单词light这个形容词时，可理解为“轻的”。如：This box is light.在学了：Please turn off light before you leave.后，在复习light时，可换一句话There are two lights in our classroom.这样学生知道lights还可以当名词“灯”讲，这样做要比单纯的读、写单词复习效果好。

总之，词汇教学在英语教学中起着举足轻重的作用，需要教师在实际教学中不断探索和反思，教师只有不断地学习、更新教学理念，积极大胆地借鉴、探索与尝试新颖、有效的教学方法，总结教学经验，改进与激活英语词汇教学， 激发学生的学习兴趣，调动学生的学习主动性，才能有效地帮助学生提高英语词汇能力。此外，教师在教给学生语言知识的同时，应注重培养学生多途径、多方位地掌握正确的词汇学习策略，有效地扩大词汇量，从而在实际语言交际中更加得心应手，只有这样才能真正提高单词的教学效率，从而增强词汇教学的效果，提高学生的英语听、说、读、写的能力。

【作者观点分析】

John would not quit. He remembered what it had cost him to get a job.
她失去了工作，却说是自愿离职以保全面子。

（E）521

附：该题目的一篇经典范文及点评

Who are they? They are John’s classmates.他们是谁? 他们是约翰的同学。

(A)The Internet startup, often using unorthodox methods, quickly made their

第二、三段提到的就是两例典型的委婉语现象。

文章的第二、三自然段的主题句分别如下：

毫无悬念，作者的观点，也就是文章的中心思想即开头第一句话“Actions, not words, reveal a person's or a group's true attitude and intention”，然后告诉读者，本文将从公司、政客、学生三个方面阐述。

D选项把所有的问题都改过来了。

范文三

下面我们介绍一篇获得满分的叙述形式的文章： Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.No one is contented in this world, I believe. There is always something left to desire, and the last thing longed for always seems the most necessary to happiness. Marie Corelli, A Romance of Two Worlds Assignment: Do you think that people are capable of finding happiness or are they always searching for something beyond what they have? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and example taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observation. 优秀范文： Happiness means different things to different people. My sister is happiest when she performs onstage in a play. My best friend is happiest when he is pitching a perfect game on the baseball field. People find happiness in all sorts of ways, but that doesn't mean they stop searching for something more. Finding happiness and continuing to pursue other goals are not mutually exclusive propositions. Instead, both of these activities can work together to motivate you, as I've learned from my own experience. When I was in middle school, my favourite class was art and I was disappointed that the class period was so short and only twice a week. Although I was happy during those times, I really missed art during the rest of the week. However, knowing that art class was approaching helped motivate me to pay attention in the rest of my classes because I knew that my "reward" would soon follow. Once we were in the art room and I was immersed in painting or sculpting or drawing, I found incredible happiness in the creative process and carried this feeling with me throughout the remainder of the day, yet I wasn't fully satisfied with this small amount of exposure and I wanted more. I did appreciate the happiness I had, but at the same time I was looking something beyond that. So I begged my parents to let me take art classes after school and on the weekend, I managed to convince them I'd be happier if I could have this additional creative time. Taking more and different art classes outside of school exposed me to a variety of different techniques and media that I never had time to explore in school, like metal-working, wood-carving and print-making. I grew even more enthusiastic about the visual arts and found even more happiness than I could have imagined thanks to these additional classes. By wanting something more, I was able to find additional contentment and inspiration and I truly was happy with the results. Yet I didn't stop reaching for other goals. I really wanted to have my artwork displayed for the public, so I worked very hard for several years to develop a portfolioand I achieved my goal last year with my first solo show at a local gallery. This success gave me much happiness, and I'm already planning additional shows. Being content with my art makes me happy on a regular basis, but this doesn't keep me from wanting something more at the same time. For me, striving for additional goals adds to my happiness, so I don't see the two actions as contradictory at all. Instead, searching for something beyond what you have can help you to appreciate and enhance whatever it is that makes you truly happy. 【点评】 这个作文题问的是，人们能否寻找到快乐，或人们是否总不满足于眼前的快乐？ 在第一段，作者首先说明对不同的人来说，快乐意味着不同的内容，人们可以找到快乐，但不会就此停止。

如果一个序列从第二项起，

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